Conceptualizing Global Environmental Politics Essay

This essay will respond to the central problem facing global environmental politics insofar as the resolution of such problems as global warming, the hole in the ozone layer, the loss of biodiversity, and many other transnational environmental issues rests upon some sort of consensus among extremely diverse groups. These are considered global problems not only because of their apocalyptic potential but they are also unique in that the â€Å"terrain where they occur [is] property that could be claimed by everyone or by no one. They [are] global also in that no nation [is] fortunate enough to be insulated from their effects†(Guha 139). From this worrisome background, the starting point of this essay begins with the question that Ramachandra Guha†¦show more content†¦In other words, for â€Å"Northerners† to stress â€Å"back-to-the-land† was in fact a departure from the status quo but for Ghandi he had no choice. To point out the difference between Ghandià ¢â‚¬â„¢s pragmatism and the northern â€Å"back-to-the-landers† is not to disparage either side. Rather, in a wider sense, it is valuable to know that â€Å"global cooperation† will require not only consensus (to a certain degree) about the negative aspects of industrialization but will also require self-reflexive acknowledgements that account for differing historical and material circumstances. Furthermore, on top of recognizing differences among historical and material circumstances the environmental discourse will need to account for differing views of how to best â€Å"manage† the destructive propensity of industrialization. For instance, in 1972 Ghandi’s own daughter (Indira Ghandi), and prime minister of India is said to have argued that â€Å"if pollution [is] the price of progress, her people wanted more of it†(Guha 112). As this quote indicates, although Ghandi and the â€Å"back-to-the-landers† offer a valuable alternative toShow MoreRelatedLiterature Review : Immigrants And Immigration Canada1583 Words   |  7 Pagesmigration patterns of refugees to immigrant applicants, it conveys a message that refugees, similar to immigrant applicants, make a deliberate choice to leave their country of origin to seek permanent residency in Canada. Oliver Bakewell (2011), in Conceptualizing Displacement and Migration, highlights that while migration and displacement share commonalities in terms of processes, they are distinct social processes. As such, if the distinction between the two modes of migration, voluntary and involuntaryRead MoreNgos Influence On Global Governance2505 Words   |  11 PagesIntroduction A prominent development in the past few decades has been the rising involvement of Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) in global governance (Weiss and Wilkinson, 2014). Where traditionally the underlying notions for governance included a state centric or institutional paradigm it has subsequently been eroded by the rise of the importance of NGOs and other civil society actors in governance related processes. Peter Willets’ starts about dismissing the notion of importance as a modernRead MoreFocus on Risk Perceptions in Risk Society: Towards a New Modernity by Urlich Beck2714 Words   |  11 PagesChernobyl, Ukraine. Following this mishap, the view of threats was fundamentally changed. Unlike those that traveled in medieval ages and assessed personal risks prior to leaving, a new form of living the voyage started to surface. It follows that global perils are shown and taken as communal, disastrous and disordered beyond any possibilities of reactions that are individual-based . Plainly speaking, there is absolutely nothing that can be done by an individual when a calamity is imminent. In aRead MoreChapter 01 Modern Project Management Answer Key5346 Words   |  22 Pages   7.  Which of the following choices is not one of the stages of a project life cycle?   A.  Conceptualizing B.  Defining C.  Planning D.  Executing E.  Delivering See List on Page 7.    AACSB: Analytic Blooms: Knowledge Learning Objective: What is a Project? Level: Medium    8.  In which of the following stages are project objectives established, teams formed, and major responsibilities assigned?   A.  Conceptualizing B.  Defining C.  Planning D.  Executing E.  Delivering Specifications of the project are defined;Read MoreWhat Are The Determinants Of FDI Flows1789 Words   |  8 Pagesof Nigerian GDP and FDI data for the time period of 1971 – 2010. Data Sources: ï  ¶ International Financial Statistics of IMF. ï  ¶ World Bank Global Financial Indicators. ï  ¶ Central bank of Nigeria. ï  ¶ African Economic Outlook 2012. ï  ¶ Dr. Mahendra Pal’s Econ club. ï  ¶ UNCTAD statistics annual report. Selections of Variables: A unique way to conceptualizing the impact of FDI on the economic growth of Nigeria especially in the era of Globalizations is to analyze the impacts of FDI on certain MacroeconomicsRead MoreEssay on A Cruelty Beyond Comprehension: The Bombing of Hiroshima1820 Words   |  8 Pageshumanity is a schism that mandates warfare intended to save life instead wreaks havoc on many more lives. Even if one were to disregard the toll in human lives, the detonation of even one percent of the known worldwide nuclear capacity would create environmental effects so incredible that life as it exists now would be rendered impossible. Irradiated oceans and waterways would likely lead to a permanent restructuring of the food chain that would ravage food production and vast expanses of the ecosystems;Read MoreA Theoretical Framework for Energy Security Through Discourse4248 Words   |  17 Pagescentral question of the paper regards the evolution of the EU and Estonian en ergy security discourses and the implications for the EU governance models in the changing global conditions. For many years, studies of Europe have focused on the internal processes of integration and enlargement. Nevertheless, in the context of growing global challenges and the need for innovative solutions for gaining the competitive advantage signalled that there is a need to turn attention to external developments andRead MoreThe Marketing of Blackmore3826 Words   |  16 Pagesof Blackmores’ company in corporate social responsibility is good because Blackmores is awarded by ethical covenant continuous four years. Blackmores’ products are recommended as green products because Blackmores always strive to decrease their environmental impact and minimize the waste in their product packaging and original resource. In last this report gives conclusion and reflection. The Table of Content 2.2 Theory of corporate communication - 6 - 2.3 Theory of IMC - 7 - Read MoreBric Analysis Essay11111 Words   |  45 Pagesentrepreneur at the global level, initiating and participating in multilateral fora as diverse as the trade G20, the financial G20, and now the BRICs club. On issues of style, inclusion, and distributive justice, Brazil reliably sides with the ‘‘South.’ Yet its core public policy instincts ’ embrace familiar ‘‘Northern’’ preferences: liberal, and mixed-capitalist, democracy. Polity (2010) 42, 14–37. doi:10.1057/pol.2009.15; published online 7 December 2009 Keywords BRICs; Brazil; global governance; democracy;Read MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. 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Animal Rights Animal Experimentation - 837 Words

Animal experimentation is the use of non-human animals in experiments. Animal experimentation also known as animal testing had established way back into the second century A.D. A Roman physician, named Galen started to perform endless animal experiments. (Safer Medicines.) On the other hand, the first major animal experiments occurred in the nineteenth century. Luis Pasteur administered anthrax to sheep. Anthrax is a bacterial disease that affects the skin and lungs in sheep and cattle, so Pasteur was responsible for this bacterial disease in these animals. Another man known as Ivan Pavlov conducted experiments on dogs and tested how their memory works with repetitive tasks. (Murnaghan) In 1922, there was a breakthrough in animal†¦show more content†¦(Animals Are Not Ours To Experiment On.) Which means that 3 tests performed on animals are ineffective, at showing whether or not the drug would be safe for humans. Knowing this, we are STILL neglecting, torturing, and mutilati ng these helpless animals. Cancer was cured in the mouse more than 10 years ago.. but results were applicable to humans. Mice aren’t little tiny men to begin with, we have nothing in common with these creatures, despite the fact that we are definitely a living being. Causing unnatural diseases in animals isn’t helping to save our own. (Animals Are Not Ours To Experiment On.) There isn’t any law that prohibits any test that can be done to animals, no matter how cruel or painful, or most importantly how useless the test is. Animals are confined to cages and denied food or water. They have chemicals rubbed in their eyes and skin.. Now you may think where do these animals come from? These animals come from warehouses, animal shelters, and even in some cases from people’s backyards. (Animals Are Not Ours To Experiment On.) Animals do not have the rights as we do because they are incapable of fulfilling the duties that accompany such rights. People say that â⠂¬Å"God† granted humans a higher status than animals and encourages people to use animals. (Gale) Just because animals can’t speak for themselves don’t certain people think that they would speak up if they could?Show MoreRelatedReasons Why Testing Products On Animals1614 Words   |  7 PagesTesting Products on Animals is Wrong Don’t we all have rights? Believe it or not animals have rights, just like humans. It is inhumane to tamper with the lives of animals. Animals have no idea what’s going on when experimentation is happening. We should nurture and care for the animals, not pick and poke, and inject substances into them. It is not right. No one should want to harm a poor helpless bunny, just see if the mascara is perfect enough for the human eyes. Animal experimentation is a selfish actRead MoreAnimal Experimentation And Animal Testing1261 Words   |  6 Pagesand against animal experimentation. The report begins with an introduction briefly outlining what animal experimentation refers to, introducing the three perspectives and highlighting the intention behind this investigation. The report then explores the positive and negative medical aspect of animal experimentation stating that it has resulted in vital vaccines benefitting both humans and animals, but also accepting it is not always reliable. The advantages and disadvantages of animal testing onRead MoreAnimal Experimentation Essay1044 Words   |  5 PagesAnimals suffer just as people do. In 2009 animal experimentation was the cause of over 1.13 million animals, excluding small rodents, suffering in U.S. Laboratories (U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service). Animal experimentation is unethical, unnecessary and expensive; alternative methods of testing should be utilized. It is unethical to use the cruel methods of animal experimentation for our own benefit alone. The animals used in research range from birdsRead MoreAnimal Experimentation Should Be Stopped1389 Words   |  6 Pages Each year there are more than 100 million animals used for experimentation in the United States (Experiments on Animals: Overview). These animals are subjected to appalling conditions during the research period. They are locked up in cramped quarters, denied basic rights, and forced into agonizing experimentation; often times with little prevail, for the benefit of humans. Animal experimentation should be stopped because not only is it morally wrong, but also the results are typically inaccurateRead MoreThe Annual Yulin Dog Meat Eating Festival1018 Words   |  5 Pagespopular topic of discussion for Animal Rights Activists in the last few months. 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Against their accusations and beliefs, scientist disagree greatly with the extinction of animal testing because of itsRead MoreEssay about Animal Dilemma927 Words   |  4 Pagesmillions of animals like rats, dogs, birds, and farm animals that are killed to discover new information on medical discoveries, product testing, and for educational purposes. Many believe animal testing is inhumane because just like humans, animals fee l pain as well, but others believe we should not treat animals as moral equals. However, in the recent years there have been new products introduced to decrease the use of animal testing or even possibly completely stopping it. Using animals for medicalRead MoreAnimal Experimentation And The Medical Field Essay1367 Words   |  6 PagesAnimal experimentation has notably advanced the medical field since its beginnings nearly two thousand years ago. Modern surgeries, antibiotics, and vaccines have been discovered and put into effect to better the lives of humans worldwide and increase our life expectancy by thirty years. However, animal rights activists argue that tests are not accurate or reliable due to angularities. Morality continues to toy with the minds of the public. Religious organizations, like the Catholic Church, approveRead More Its Time to Stop Animal Research, Testing, and Experimentation1594 Words   |  7 PagesTime to Stop Animal Research, Testing, and Experimentation    Using animals in research and to test the safety of products has been a topic of heated debate for decades. According to data collected by F. Barbara Orlans for her book, In the Name of Science: Issues in Responsible Animal Experimentation, sixty percent of all animals used in testing are used in biomedical research and product-safety testing (62). People have different feelings for animals; many look upon animals as companionsRead MoreAnimal Testing Is Morally Wrong? Essay1373 Words   |  6 PagesHumans are animals, and as such it is morally wrong to use them to test pharmaceuticals intended for use by humans. Those who support animal experimentation believe it is a necessary evil, in part due to the false information put out by the media. The so-called benefits of animal testing have not helped humans for years, yet in many countries the law still requires researchers use animals to test their medications. In fact, although alternatives have been found, few steps have been taken to put an

Agencies Government and Private Adoption Agency Free Essays

Describe a social policy that may affect your future position as a human services worker. Compare and contrast how a public versus a private organization might address this policy differently. Include an explanation of how the delivery system of a public organization would be different than that of a private organization. We will write a custom essay sample on Agencies: Government and Private Adoption Agency or any similar topic only for you Order Now For example, what would be some differences between a state-funded child placement agency and a private adoption agency in regard to how they deliver their adoption services? Consider how you could influence this policy to meet your clients’ needs. If you work for a government organization, you may not be able to lobby, but what other ways could you advocate for your client population? Respond in 200 to 300 words. A state funded child placement agency is different because they do not have an extensive background. The place child in hands of people who are willing to give their home to the child. Whereas a private adoption agency, there is a waiting period and there is extensive backgrounds checks to make sure these are the right couples, and they have enough money to afford the adoption, and what jobs they have, and if they will be able to spend the time with the child. There is so much more involved in a private adoption agency. They do not just give children to anyone. It costs. It would be hard for me as a social worker if I was trying to locate a family for an individual, and they did not qualify, but were perfect people. I could try to go above for these people and address them to the higher ups to see what we can do to offer help to these people. If I was working for a government agency it might be a little harder to lobby. Though there are ways that I can help is by offering solutions on how to get approved to become parents and adopt. Private agencies may be profit or nonprofit agencies, but have to meet a certain criteria and the management is under pressure to keep costs down. Public are sometimes based on donations and help with the community, and are a little bit poorer. Both private and public are trying to help people in many ways, and are there to try to give to the community, though one is a little more famed, and the other is low income that are trying to make a difference. It is easier to get into the public organizations and harder to get into the private ones. How to cite Agencies: Government and Private Adoption Agency, Papers

Best Story Ever free essay sample

Ogboni (also known as Osugbo in Ijebu) is a fraternal institution indigenous to the Yoruba language-speaking polities of Nigeria, Republic of Benin and Togo. The society performs a range of political and religious functions, including exercising a profound influence on regents and serving as high courts of jurisprudence in capital offenses. Influence [edit] Though versions or lodges of this fraternal group are found among the various types of Yoruba polities——from highly-centralized kingdoms and empires like Oyo, to the independent towns and villages of the Egba and the Ekiti——the Ogboni are recognizable for their veneration of the personified earth (Ile or Odua) and their emphasis on gerontocratic authority and benevolent service to the town. While membership in the Ogboni generally signified a high level of power and prestige, the society held pre-eminent political authority among decentralized groups like the Egba, where they were intimately involved in the selection of regents. We will write a custom essay sample on Best Story Ever or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page To date, Ogboni members still command great power and influence in the affairs of their nations, though this is largely due to the history of their titles and not their official power. Ogboni lodges were one of the main commissioners of brass jewelry and sculpture in pre-colonial Yorubaland, using the metals rust-resistant qualities as an apt metaphor for the immortal functions and beliefs of Ogboni adepts. The most recognizable of these symbols was a pair of Ogboni initiates, one male and one female, attached by a chain and worn around the neck. The pair are thought to symbolize the attachment of the sexes in procreation and balanced society. Generally, one or both figures will hold a thumb in the grip of the opposite hand, demonstrating the paramount Ogboni handsign denoting initiation and membership.

Dream Interpretation Essays - Freudian Psychology, Psychotherapy

Dream Interpretation There are many facts that are unknown about dreams and their meanings. For centuries, philosophers and scientists have tried to understand the meaning of dreams. They have all been fascinated by the fact that the content of dreams may have meanings relating to one's life. Are dreams just thoughts in people's minds, or are dreams in fact representations of different areas in people's lives? Dreams represent many different areas of one's life in physical, emotional, and mental ways. Dreams can relay to people facts about their lives that they are not even aware of. There are also many ways that dreams can help cure different physical, emotional, and mental problems in one's life. This paper will discuss dreams and their meanings, and ways of interpreting a dream using such methods as hypnotherapy and psychoanalysis therapy that can help a person in physical, mental, and emotional ways. The first fact that will be discussed is what dreams are and how they work for people in allowing the person to discover more about himself. Dreams can be defined as "a conscious series of images that occur during sleep" (Collier's, vol. 8). Dreams are usually very vivid in color and imagery. They reveal to the dreamer different wishes, concerns, and worries that he or she has. Dreams usually reflect every part of who the dreamer is. The content of the person's dream is usually made up according to how old the dreamer is and how educated the he or she is (Collier's, vol. 8). Dreams are not planned out or thought up. The unconscious part of the mind brings out bits and pieces of information in the dreamer's mind and places them together. According to Encarta, dreams are almost always visual. Forty to fifty percent of dreams have some form of communication present in them and a very small percentage of dreams give the dreamer the ability to use his or her five senses (Encarta). Dreams allow one to take a closer look into his mind and himself in a quest for self-discovery. Dreams can be used to solve all different types of problems. In Sigmund Freud's book, The Interpretation of Dreams, Sigmund Freud states: "As regards the dream, all the troubles of waking life are transferred by it to the sleeping state [...]" (Freud 113). They relay things about a person that the person may not be able to see. Sigmund Freud says that certain images in dreams sometimes have significant meanings relating to the person's life. Different objects in the dream may serve as a symbol (Kalb 77). Symbols in dreams usually mean something much deeper than simply being an object that just happens to be in the dream. They represent different areas of one's life that deal with one's physical, mental, and emotional being. These symbols will relay information about one's life if these symbols are interpreted. Dreams are "a private language, known only to ourselves" (Cartwright 5). Dreams have the ability to relieve all people of their everyday problems in life. They have a way of setting one free from reality, which includes all of one's problems. Dreams help one to overcome these stresses and help people to get on with their lives. Sigmund Freud states, "The waking life never repeats itself with its trials and joys, its pleasures and pains, but, on the contrary, the dream aims to relieve us of these" (qtd. in Burdach 474). This statement means that though a certain experience in a person's life can never happen again, dreams allow the person to relive those memories, and they can also allow the person to overcome the stresses of other memories that bother him or her. Memories that continue to stay in people's minds from their childhood are very often included somehow in the dream. No memory that a person has once experienced will ever be lost because it is stored within the person's mind and kept there. A person's conscious mind is the mind that he uses when he is awake and aware of what he is doing. The conscious mind has the ability to make distinctions between reality and the fantasy world. A person is able to think in a reasonable manner and have a higher order thinking along the lines of placement of time and space. A person, in this state of mind, has complete control over everything he or she does including speaking, thinking, and the way that he or she acts around people. A person can evaluate what is reality and what is not reality while

Free Essays on Cokes History

The Coca-Cola company started out as an insignificant one man business and over the last one hundred and ten years it has grown into one of the largest companies in the world. The first operator of the company was Dr. John Pemberton and the current operator is Roberto Goizueta. Without societies help, Coca-Cola could not have become over a 50 billion dollar business. Coca-Cola was invented by Dr. John Pemberton, an Atlanta pharmacist. He concocted the formula in a three legged brass kettle in his backyard on May 8, 1886. He mixed a combination of lime, cinnamon, coca leaves, and the seeds of a Brazilian shrub to make the fabulous beverage. Coca-Cola debuted in Atlanta's largest pharmacy, Jacob's Pharmacy, as a five cent non-carbonated beverage. Later on, the carbonated water was added to the syrup to make the beverage that we know today as Coca-Cola. Coca-Cola was originally used as a nerve and brain tonic and a medical elixir. Coca-Cola was named by Frank Robinson, one of Pemberton's close friends, he also penned the famous Coca-Cola logo in unique script. Dr. John Pemberton sold a portion of the Coca-Cola company to Asa Candler, after Pemberton's death the remainder was sold to Candler. Pemberton was forced to sell because he was in a state of poor health and was in debt. He had paid $76.96 for advertising, but he only made $50.00 in profits. Candler acquired the whole company for $2,300. Candler achieved a lot during his time as owner of the company. On January 31, 1893, the famous Coca-Cola formula was patented. He also opened the first syrup manufacturing plant in 1884. His great achievement was large scale bottling of Coca-Cola in 1899. In 1915, The Root Glass Company made the contour bottle for the Coca-Cola company. Candler aggressively advertised Coca-Cola in newspapers and on billboards. In the newspapers, he would give away coupons for a free Coke at any fountain. Coca-Cola was sold after the Prohibition Era t... Free Essays on Cokes History Free Essays on Cokes History The Coca-Cola company started out as an insignificant one man business and over the last one hundred and ten years it has grown into one of the largest companies in the world. The first operator of the company was Dr. John Pemberton and the current operator is Roberto Goizueta. Without societies help, Coca-Cola could not have become over a 50 billion dollar business. Coca-Cola was invented by Dr. John Pemberton, an Atlanta pharmacist. He concocted the formula in a three legged brass kettle in his backyard on May 8, 1886. He mixed a combination of lime, cinnamon, coca leaves, and the seeds of a Brazilian shrub to make the fabulous beverage. Coca-Cola debuted in Atlanta's largest pharmacy, Jacob's Pharmacy, as a five cent non-carbonated beverage. Later on, the carbonated water was added to the syrup to make the beverage that we know today as Coca-Cola. Coca-Cola was originally used as a nerve and brain tonic and a medical elixir. Coca-Cola was named by Frank Robinson, one of Pemberton's close friends, he also penned the famous Coca-Cola logo in unique script. Dr. John Pemberton sold a portion of the Coca-Cola company to Asa Candler, after Pemberton's death the remainder was sold to Candler. Pemberton was forced to sell because he was in a state of poor health and was in debt. He had paid $76.96 for advertising, but he only made $50.00 in profits. Candler acquired the whole company for $2,300. Candler achieved a lot during his time as owner of the company. On January 31, 1893, the famous Coca-Cola formula was patented. He also opened the first syrup manufacturing plant in 1884. His great achievement was large scale bottling of Coca-Cola in 1899. In 1915, The Root Glass Company made the contour bottle for the Coca-Cola company. Candler aggressively advertised Coca-Cola in newspapers and on billboards. In the newspapers, he would give away coupons for a free Coke at any fountain. Coca-Cola was sold after the Prohibition Era t...

Inventory, Management, and Scheduling Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Inventory, Management, and Scheduling - Essay Example In this system, rather than placing the inventory in the centralized warehouses, it is placed in small stockpiles conventionally referred to as kanban at strategic points along the assemble line. â€Å"Both [lean manufacturing and the Total Quality Management (TQM)] strategies empower workers on the assembly line, in the belief that those closest to production have the greatest knowledge of how the production system should work† (Blacharski, 2011). Example of the lean manufacturing system can be of a car manufacturing company that takes the order for making a certain type and number of tyres for a day, and the producers are required to deliver them within a limited time to a certain loading bay. Companies benefit from the lean manufacturing because the use of kanban serves to cause a considerable reduction in the amount of waste along with bringing a manifold improvement in the overall productivity of the work. Lean manufacturing also ensures that the work is accomplished in accordance with the consumers’ expectations about the quality of the product. In order to achieve this, each part is analyzed for defects immediately after its creation. In case a defect is noticed, functioning of the production line comes to a halt in order to allow the analysts to determine the problem in its very initial stages. Requirements for balancing JIT and lean systems include commitment of all departments of aligning with a unified goal that is acknowledged and approved by the top management so that planning can be done and resources can be arranged in time accordingly. Initial stages of implementation of lean system require a lot of financial commitment. In order to achieve the required level of efficiency in the system, it is imperative that employees are adequately empowered. Production decisions should be allowed to be made at the lowest level in the hierarchy of the organization structure. Employees that are the most affected if a company decides to switch to a

Health insurance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Health insurance - Essay Example Therefore, this paper will look into a health advertisement and discuss it in its fullness. Health and health insurance as a topic is important in most people’s lives. Decisions on what the best medical policies are suitable for an individual and their families as well as what medical services are best suited for them often take center stage in planning. Therefore, companies and medical providers have the obligation to research and find out what consumers need and how effectively they can provide these needs. They have to take into consideration; the pricing, the treatment, cause of the drug as compared to its complements, then advertise it in a manner that will captivate the consumers and make them want to try it. Advertisements assure the target market of how effective the product is and how well- tested it is should be included to erase any fear of bad and severe side effects or otherwise. There is an advertisement of the Swiss drug maker, Novartis, on multiple sclerosis disease that says â€Å"Hey MS, Take This!† (Olson). The advert is about people who refuse to let the disease control their lives. Multiple Sclerosis is a disease that affects the brain and the spinal cord. These parts of the body are the central and core parts that control most, if not all the other body parts. Multiple Sclerosis can affect the body hindering an individual’s perfomance as well as personal independence; thus, making them rely on assistance for the rest of their lives. The advert shows people with the Gilenya drug on their tongues that are stuck out (Olson). This shows that they are willing to fight against any disease that may want to affect their bodies neurologically or otherwise. The text â€Å"Hey MS, Take This!† (Olson). The graphics of extremely good-looking and healthy persons brings out the defiance nature that we should adopt against any condition. It is encouraging and shows a positive fighting spirit and the strength that

International Business Plan Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

International Business Plan - Research Paper Example in the European country of Hungary. For this purpose, an assessment of the economic, social, political and legal environment of the country has been made. The paper also dwells on the requirements for success in the country from an individual’s perspective. Company Overview: About Levis Strauss & Co Levis Strauss & Co. made its humble beginning in 1853 when the Bavarian immigrant and founder of the company created the very first pair of jeans. At present, the company designs, markets and sells jeans, casual pants, tops, shorts, skirts, jackets, footwear et al. The company also has all related accessories for men, women and children in its product repertoire. The company boasts of popular brands like Levi’s, Dockers, Denizen, and Signature by Levi Strauss & Co. Over the years, the San Francisco headquartered company has grown steadily to become one of the global behemoths in the apparel industry. As on date, Levis Strauss & Co has operations in as many as 110 countries a nd generates close to 50 percent of its net revenues from markets outside the United States. Levi Strauss & Co conducts its operations outside the United States through foreign subsidiaries owned either directly or indirectly by it. The company’s global business is grouped into three geographic regions: Americas, Europe and Asia Pacific. The year wise (2009 through 2011) breakup of the net revenue earned by the company in these regions is shown in Table 1 below. Table 1: Region-wise Revenue for Levis Strauss & Co.* *Source: Annual Report of Levis Strauss & Co. The company’s brands are sold in 55,000 retail locations globally. Of these 2,300 retail locations house the brands of the company exclusively. As of November 27, 2011, the company had 498 company-operated stores located in 32 countries across the three regions. Of these there were 211 stores in the Americas, 178 stores in Europe and 109 stores in Asia Pacific. Additionally, there were another 1800 franchised, li censed, or other forms of brand-dedicated stores operated by independent third parties that sold Levis Strauss & Co. brands exclusively. Levis Strauss & Co has managed to build brands that people love and trust, in large measure, due to its responsible business practices. The company leaves no stone unturned to contribute to and respect the local communities in which it operates. As a business strategy, Levis Strauss & Co intends to grow its business profitably, spread out across consumer segments and price tiers and respond to marketplace dynamics while building on its competitive strengths. The company’s global footprint is a key factor in its long term growth and it must capitalize on it. Levis Strauss & Co has to focus on markets that provide lucrative growth opportunities. The company has to make full use of its massive global presence and local-market talent gain local market insights, adapt to local consumer trends and thus grow profitably. It is for this reason that t he company is looking to expand in Hungary. Country Overview: About Hungary The history of Hungary dates back to as far as A.D. 1000 when the country became a Christian kingdom. It emerged as an independent country after World War I. It was in 1968; under the headship of Janos Kadar, that Hungary introduced the ‘Goulash Communism’ whereby it began to liberalize its economy and placed

Effects of Shared ATM Networks on Efficiency -Turkish Banks

Effects of Shared ATM Networks on Efficiency -Turkish Banks The effects of shared ATM networks on the efficiency of Turkish banks H. Evren Damar This study investigates whether forming shared ATM networks has yielded positive benefits for banks in Turkey by increasing their productive efficiency. The performance of the banking sectors of developing countries has recently become a topic of interest in the literature. Most of this attention has been focused on the impact of financial liberalization on the performance efficiency of banks in a variety of countries. An aspect of financial liberalization that has not been addressed in this literature is the impact of new technology adoption and sharing that usually accompanies the liberalization and opening up of the banking sector. The usage of technologies such as Automated Teller Machines (ATMs) in developing countries has increased significantly during the past 15 years or so. Although the theory behind the benefits associated with the adoption and sharing of such technologies is well-understood, empirical studies that look at the actual realization of these benefits are relatively few. The goals of this study are to investigate whether ATM sharing has benefited Turkish banks by increasing their productive efficiency and to contribute to the literature on bank efficiency in developing countries through focusing on aspects of bank behaviour that have yet to be fully examined. The ideas behind ATM sharing and its benefits are based on the development of shared ATM networks in the USA during the 1970s and 1980s. In broad terms, there are two opposing effects associated with shared ATM networks. The benefits of ATM sharing are called ‘network’ and ‘economies of scale’ effects (Prager, 1999). Network effects suggest that the value customers attach to ATM services offered by a bank goes up as the size of the ATM network increases. In other words, the addition of a new bank or a new ATM to the network increases the attractiveness of all banks within the network to their customers. This is an important issue because it allows for banks to capture more business without having to increase the size of their branch or ATM networks. For example Vesala (2000) finds that after the start of ATM sharing in Western Europe, banks have opened fewer new branches and deployed fewer new ATMs. Economies of scale imply that the cost per transaction at an ATM declines as the number of transactions increases. Each ATM location has a variable cost and a fixed cost associated with it. Although variable costs (film, paper, etc.) are directly proportional to the number of transactions conducted at the particular ATM, fixed costs (such as the cost of purchasing or leasing the ATMs) decline as the number transactions increase (Saloner and Shepard, 1995). Therefore, by increasing the number of transactions, a shared ATM network can turn an unprofitable ATM into a profitable one. On the other hand, the presence of shared-ATM networks has also been shown to have negative effects on participating banks. These effects arise because ATM sharing reduces the level of product differentiation between banks and allows depositors to switch banks without incurring high costs. In their study of ATM network compatibility, Matutes and Padilla (1994) refer to this as the ‘substitution effect’ and show that its presence can be an impediment to achieving full ATM compatibility within the banking sector. In simple terms, whether a bank can benefit from a shared-ATM network will depend on which one of the effects described above dominates. If the network and economies of scale effects dominate, then the bank will be able to offer a more convenient product, collect more deposits and potentially increase profits. On the other hand, if the substitution effect dominates, then ATM sharing may result in a loss of depositors and profits. This problem can easily be framed within the concept of productive efficiency of banks. If ATMs are considered an input in the ‘production’ of deposits, then the presence of any benefits from ATM sharing would be reflected in the efficiency scores of banks. If indeed the network and economies of scale effects dominate, then banks that are engaged in ATM sharing will have relatively higher efficiency scores. On the other hand, if the substitution effect dominates, this would result in lower productive efficiency. Evolution of shared ATM networks in Turkey Similar to other developing countries, ATM technology was introduced in Turkey during the late 1980s. As the level of competition in the banking sector increased in the 1990s, there was a widespread increase in ATM usage. By 1995, there were 5000 ATM locations in Turkey and this number doubled by the end of 1999 (Isik and Hassan, 2002). By this date 27 out of 62 deposit collecting institutions had adopted ATM technology and another seven had issued ATM cards to their customers, although these banks themselves did not own or operate their own ATMs. The first shared ATM network in Turkey (referred to as the ‘Pamukbank-YKB Network’) was formed in 1993, and was soon followed by a shared ATM arrangement between four banks, named ‘Golden Points’. Unlike the USA, shared ATM networks in Turkey did not start as regional networks between local competitors. Since Turkey is significantly smaller than the USA, most banks operate in all major cities and some rural provinces. Therefore, the Turkish shared ATM networks started from a ‘national’ and not a ‘regional’ network stage. By 1999, ATM sharing had become a widespread phenomenon, with three more banks joining the Golden Points network and 16 smaller banks forming another network in 1998, named ‘Common Points.’ However, three of the five biggest banks in Turkey continued to operate proprietary networks. Variables: ATM transactions Total deposits Total loans Fees and commissions no. of ATMs no. of shared NW ATMs no. of branches no. of employees Interest on deposit Operating expenses Conclusion (READ IT AGAIN) This study has looked at the evolution of shared ATM networks in Turkey and has attempted to see whether banks have been able to realize net positive network and scale effects through ATM sharing. The main finding of this study is that participation in shared ATM networks has failed to increase the efficiency of small and medium size banks. The fact that most of these banks tend to share their ATMs with each other (and not with big banks) can be an important factor in their relatively lower efficiency scores. The lack of significant positive benefits for many medium and small banks fits the conclusions reached by Matutes and Padilla (1994). Their results suggest that ATM compatibility is easier and more effective if shared-ATM networks are formed by banks that operate in separate locations because of regulatory reasons or due to geographical factors. On the other hand if banks that compete for deposits within a market decide to share their ATMs, this may decrease the level of product differentiation between these banks, causing the sharing arrangement to become costly and ineffective. Similarly, Holden and El-Bannany’s (2004) conclusion that there was no relationship between ATM sharing and bank profitability in the UK may be due to the fact that banks in their sample are not differentiated according to size and geographic concentration. The findings of this study also support Carbo et al. (2003), who argue that technology adoption and sharing do not always yield cost savings for small banks. The results discussed above take this finding one step further by arguing that such technology adoption by small banks can turn into costly idle capacity. For the case of Turkey, there is ample evidence of such idle capacity. For example, Table 5 shows that many medium size banks exhibit DRS. It is likely that some of this excess capacity is caused by ATMs that are deployed in urban areas, but infrequently used by depositors. A similar observation has been made by the Banks Association of Turkey, which has concluded that ‘some ATMs operated by banks are located too close to each other and this is a waste of resources.’ They suggested that banks should try ‘to increase the sharing of existing ATMs before deploying new ones’. One possible solution to this problem of low efficiency among small and medium banks would be for these banks to form sharing arrangements with bigger banks. This would allow them to truly expand the services they can offer and gain an advantage over their competitors. Recently, strides have been made towards such arrangements, with one small and one medium bank from the Common Points network signing an ATM sharing agreement with the Pamukbank-YKB network in early 2003. However, it is also possible that big banks would not be eager to allow smaller banks to join their shared ATM networks, as this would make it harder for bigger banks to differentiate themselves. Similar worries have been echoed by big banks in Turkey, who have stated that ‘the possible effect of increased sharing on the banks with extensive branch and ATM networks is an important issue’. Another possibility has been put forward by Carbo et al. (2003), who argue that the lack of uniform benefits from technology-sharing arrangements should promote consolidation in the banking sector. In the context of the Turkish banking sector, the consolidation argument would suggest that the large number of small and medium banks that offer similar products can be consolidated into a few big banks that would be able to offer differentiated products and compete with other banks. One of the consequences of the 1999–2001 banking crisis in Turkey has been a government-encouraged wave of consolidation, the efficiency impact of which remains to be seen. Other than being the first study to look at the effects of ATM sharing on productive efficiency, the period covered in the analysis is also significant. The period 2000–2003 corresponds to one of the worst banking crises in Turkish history and the beginning of the best planned and executed rehabilitation program of the banking sector. Although the number of branches and depository institutions decreased significantly between 2000– 2003, the growth rate of ATMs has remained high and positive. This may suggest that banks and regulatory authorities do not consider the build-up of ATMs as a serious overcapacity issue. This study, however, makes a point of caution that more ATM sharing does not automatically mean efficiency gains for banks. On the contrary, an increase in ATM sharing solely within the urban markets will be likely to increase the costs of banks without generating any additional benefits to their customers. Although ATMs are still significantly cheaper than branches, operating and sharing unproductive ATMs can possibly contribute to another build-up of overcapacity. The only two options for preventing this potential problem are either further consolidation of the banking sector or a carefully planned restructuring of the existing sharing arrangements.

how to listen to a driver :: essays research papers

I.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  WHAT IS A BUSINESS? Describe how businesses and nonprofit organizations add to a country’s standard of living and quality of life. A.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  BASIC CONCEPTS 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A BUSINESS is any activity that seeks profit by providing goods and services to others. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  PROFIT is the amount a business earns above and beyond what it spends. CONCEPT CHECK 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Businesses also provide people with the opportunity to become wealthy. B.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  BUSINESSES CAN PROVIDE WEALTH AND A HIGH QUALITY OF LIFE FOR ALMOST EVERYONE. 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ENTREPRENEURS are people who organize, operate, and assume the risk of starting a business. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Businesses are a part of an economic system that helps to create a higher standard of living and quality of life for everyone. 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The QUALITY OF LIFE of a country refers to the general well-being of a society C.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS USE BUSINESS PRINCIPLES. 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Nonprofit organizations such as government agencies, public schools, charities, and social causes help make a country more responsive to all the needs of citizens. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A NONPROFIT ORGANIZATION is an organization whose goals don’t include making a profit for its owners. 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  You need the SAME SKILLS to work in nonprofit organizations that you need in business, including information management, leadership, marketing, financial management. 4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Businesses, nonprofit organizations, and volunteer groups often strive to accomplish the same objectives. I.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   II.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ENTREPRENEURSHIP VERSUS WORKING FOR OTHERS. Explain the importance of entrepreneurship to the wealth of an economy and show the relationship of profit to risk assumption A.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are TWO WAYS TO SUCCEED IN BUSINESS: 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One way is to rise up through the ranks of a large company. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The more risky path is to start your own business. B.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  OPPORTUNITIES FOR ENTREPRENEURS. 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Millions of people have taken the entrepreneurial risk and succeeded. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Entrepreneurs have come from all over the world to prosper in America. a.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The number of Hispanic-owned businesses in the United States grew by 76% in the 1990s. b.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Increases have also been made by Asians, Pacific Islanders, American Indians, and Alaskan Natives. 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The number of women business owners has also dramatically increased. C.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  MATCHING RISK WITH PROFIT 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Not all businesses make a profit; profit is revenue minus expenses. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  REVENUE is the money a business earns by selling goods and services. 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A LOSS occurs when a business’s costs and expenses are more than its revenue, the money a business earns by selling its products. 4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  RISK is the chance you take of losing time and money on a business that may not prove profitable. CONCEPT CHECK 5.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Rewards and risk are related.

An Individual Detailed Analysis on the Style, Editing Techniques Mise-En-Scene and Cinematography in the Film “Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind”

An individual detailed analysis on the style, editing techniques Mise-en-scene and cinematography in the film â€Å"Eternal sunshine of the spotless mind†. Michael Gondry’s Eternal sunshine of the spotless mind (2004) is not your typical Hollywood rom-com. Its cinematic style is very original and by far out of the ordinary for its genre. The use of techniques and the way the film is produced is the reason why it is so memorable. The non-linear narrative is based around a middle-aged guy who falls in love with a woman, who, after a while into their relationship decides to erase every single memory and feeling towards him.The story is told in flashbacks that slowly reveal the time and space the couple spent together and all the events that made up their relationship. Silvey states that â€Å"The innovative use of narrative, mise en scene, cinematography, editing and the soundtrack in the film all serve to convey the tenderness, confusion, miscommunication, pain and hope that accompany romantic endeavours. † [SILVEY 2009: 139]. I will be discussing and critically analyzing the exact same concepts as above in my argument and how they contribute to such a stylistic storyline. I will also be comparing techniques used in this film to such ones in other films.Eternal sunshine of the spotless mind is a mind-blowing story about a man called Joel Barish who finds himself in a life-changing situation when he accidentally discovers that his long-term girlfriend, Clementine Kruczynski has undergone a brain procedure which erases someone from the mind, in this case clementine erases Joel from her memory, leaving her with no memories what so ever of him. He decides the best way to cure his broken heart is to undergo the same process and erase Clementine for good. But as his memory loss commences he finds himself trapped in his own memories, watching them as they disappear.Half way through he realizes he no longer wants to erase Clementine and tries his ver y best to keep hold of his living memories. The style of editing in Eternal sunshine of the spotless mind is undoubtedly the most recognizable aspect that separates this film from a ‘normal' love story. It has the typical love narrative moments but the way it is pieced together with its innovative narrative style is what puts it at a whole new level of originality. The film begins just like any other straightforward storyline would, but as the film continues it becomes clear to the audience that it is a non-linear narrative.For the first couple of scenes the film doesn't give away any signs that it is beginning with the end of the film as their are no use of flashbacks or unusual techniques involved, but when Joel goes to sleep you realize that he is watching himself in his own dream, like he is having a flashback of himself talking to his neighbour about valentines day just hours after he had gone to sleep. He seems anxious and uncomfortable with the topic of conversation, es pecially when his neighbour mentions Clementine’s name.This is the point where you start to realize that the film is possibly in a non-linear narrative as his neighbour mentioned Clementine being Joel's girlfriend but the audience have only seen the couple together as friends and at the start of their friendship. From then on the film is told in flashbacks from the memory of Joel Barish' mind as he makes the decision to have the same procedure as Clementine did. As he watches his memories of Clementine fade away he realizes he is still in love with her and no longer wants to erase her so he tries everything he can to stop the procedure and keep the memories alive.The story of Joel and Clementine is then told through Joel’s memory erasing but it feels as if the story is being told backwards as each memory fades away. Objects, locations and people just disappear in front of Joel’s and the audience’s eyes. The editing in the film makes the storyline more com plex then it actually is. As Silvey writes â€Å"It plays a crucial part in the construction of the circular narrative† [SILVEY 2009: 1]. The misleading techniques used when Joel’s memories start to disappear give the audience an understanding of the confusion and frustration that Joel is going through.There are plenty of examples of continuity editing in Eternal sunshine, both temporal and spatial are used. Discontinuity is used throughout the memory erasing scenes with the deliberate use of ellipsis as Joel relives his memories in flashbacks. Some of the shots from Joel’s memories are put together in a montage edit; this is another example of discontinuity editing. There are multiple uses of crosscutting in the film, which is when there are a series of shots that keep cutting back and forth from one shot to another shot, this occurs in a lot of the flashback scenes.Also there are several jump cuts, which brakes the †continuity edit† as in order to achieve a smooth and non-noticeable cut from one shot to another the camera must move 30 degrees or more to attain the continuity in the movement of shots. But a jump cut is deliberately shot without using the 30-degree rule. Therefore when you put the shots together they make a â€Å"jump† affect and it brakes up the continuity of the edit. In this case, Gondry intentionally directed the crosscutting and jump cuts in order to express Joel’s reactions to the procedure.At the beginning of the film the editing picks up a rhythm and runs smoothly, giving a perfect example of continuity editing, but as the film goes on it begins to switch between continuity and discontinuity as the edit balances out the changes between reality and the distorted memories. There are a variety of editing techniques that are used in the film, the use of Jump cuts, fast paced scenes and the different varieties of camera angels give a real sense of Joel’s life. The purpose of the variatio n and different techniques is to deliver the feelings of emotion, confusing, frustration and regret that Joel is experiencing in his memory loss.The memory erasing begins with Joel’s most recent memory spent with Clementine; it then works its way backwards ending with his memory of when he very first met Clementine. There are slight uses of special effects in each memory loss scene as everything in the memory disappears. Joel is watching all the objects and people around him dissolve in front of his eyes. Some scenes are sped up in the edit and some are slowed down and certain shots are reversed. The use of light and sound are two main sources that build up the scenes to make them look as if Joel is experiencing something out of the ordinary.When a memory of him and Clementine begins to be erased, it gets darker and there are spotlights that focus on Joel and Clementine. The sound is very disturbing and almost irritating but this is done on purpose to describe how frustrating the process is for the characters and how uncomfortable the experience is for Joel, just like it is for the audience to hear the sound and watch the fast cut scenes. The eye-line match technique is frequently used when Joel moves from one memory to another, as he is constantly moving from different events he has to re-focus and this is when the eye-line technique is used.The scene where Joel is chasing after Clementine in his car after they have an argument was a big give away to the non-linear structure as at the beginning of the film you see Joel approach his car in the morning where he notices the damage in which he then leaves a â€Å"thank you! † note on his neighbour’s car to suggest that his neighbour did it, but in actual fact it was Clementine who created the damage but due to his memory erasing he cant remember as this scene is actually the morning after his procedure. The structure of the edit in the car scene isn’t very straightforward and discontin uous, which may confuse viewers slightly.You see Joel climb into his car and reverse away from the bollard that Clementine parked up against, chasing after her in the car as she walks along the street alone. He then stops and follows after Clementine on foot but as he runs after her the tracking shot of him is slowed down and then confusingly he is no longer running towards her and ends up in front of his smashed car at the other end of the street that he parked it at. He stops in confusion and turns around to see Clementine walking the opposite direction, so he beings to follow her again.The cinematography in this scene is very realistic, it is hand held which would have been carried out with a stead-cam, Director of photography Ellen Kuras mentions in â€Å"forget me not† by John Pavlus what Gondry wanted â€Å"In one of the scenes, he wanted me to shake the camera so we could see it was a handheld effect in camera, as opposed to a locked-off superimposition effect or doub le exposure. † [PAVLUS 2004: 1] The movement of shots makes the scene more realistic rather then having static shots. The purpose of this is to make the audience feel they are involved in the scene rather then just sat there watching it.The style of cinematography in the film is very similar to the techniques that would be employed to produce a documentary. There is a lot of hand held camera work involved and the camera angles and shots have the documentary feel to them. The changes in focus are noticeable and in this case intentional as Gondry directs this style of camera work to give it that documentary feel. Use of pull-focus from one character to another is often seen in this film, for example Clementine is stood in the foreground and Joel is stood in the background as the camera pull-focuses from Clementine onto Joel.Particular shots are out of focus such as objects and people in front of Joel, the reason for this is to show the distortion and deterioration of Joelâ€℠¢s memory. Crane shots are used in the scene where Joel is left alone on the iced over lake, he is looking up at the sky whilst pleading for the procedure to end. This high long shot signifies how little Joel is compared to everything around him, and how impossible it is for him to call the procedure off by simply shouting into the sky. It also signifies how alone he feels, being left behind when everything around him is dying.As Corrigan says â€Å"In any film, from the most realistic to the most theatrical, there are specific properties of the mise-en-scene at which to direct your attention. † [CORRIGAN 2010: 54]. This quote from the book ‘A short guide to writing about film’ gives a precise example of the way the mise-en-scene contributes to this film. The mise-en-scene plays a big significance to the story and characters in eternal sunshine; the effort and thought put into the sets is so complex. The film relies on the imaginative use of mise-en-scene to unfo ld the story bit by bit.The thought behind this is to the balance between the real world of reality and the dream world. Although Joel is experiencing real life memories, he is also asleep, therefore all the random scenes which don’t completely make sense is the â€Å"dream world† balancing out with reality because in your dreams you experience real life situations but often with the occasional random events which lead to a completely different subject and it throws you off track. And that is exactly what Joel is experiencing whilst re-living his memories.The most memorable scenes and uses of mise-en-scene were the snowy beach scene where Joel and Clementine end up in their double bed together. This scene is so dream like with it being on a beach in the middle of winter, with snow covering every inch of the shore and just them two led there in their double bed in the middle of this isolated location is definitely something you wouldn’t come across on a normal da y, therefore it is another dream like situation and a very significant scene. The scene where Joel and Clementine rush into Dr. Howard Mierzwaik’s office is extremely surreal. It’s the type of thing that would pop up in a dream. The scene is dark and the only light is a shinning bright spotlight on positioned on each character. The camera is eye-lined positioned in front of Joel and Clementine following them into Dr. Mierzwaik’s office. This is an example of the use of an eye-match edit, when Joel reaches the office he looks at something off screen, then the shot changes to what he is looking at which is Dr. Mierzwaik sat at his desk.As Joel begins to discuss that he no longer wants the procedure to continue to Dr. Mierzwaik colleagues at the surgery appear and their facial features are non-existent. All you see is a plain face with nothing on it. Joel begins to freak out and you can understand the terror he is feeling. The darkness of the scene and the small co nfined room that it is set in provides the viewers with a sense of how Joel is feeling, a definite atmosphere of being trapped and the thought of knowing that there is no escaping the process.Every scene in this film is so detailed, built to its individuality and pieced together with such original editing techniques, which is why each scene is gratifying to watch because the amount of creativity that Gondry has put into it all. This film is very unpredictable; it goes from one scene to a completely different scene when you least expect it. As you sit and watch this movie you feel so engaged with the story and the characters and personally The reason behind this is all down to its style and filmic techniques.This quote by Timothy Corrigan illustrates this: â€Å"In a movie, it is the camera that eventually films a mise-en-scene: when you watch a movie, you see not only the settings, actors, lighting but all these elements as they are recorded and then projected. † [CORRIGAN 20 10: 61] what Corrigan is saying is that cinematic practices make the most integral contributions to the construction of a film and Eternal sunshine of the spotless mind serves as an exceptional example of this.BibliographyCORRIGAN, Timothy. 2010. A short guide to writing about film. Seventh Edition. New York. PAVLUS, John. 2004. â€Å"Forget me not†. American Cinematographer. [online] Available at: http://www. theasc. com/magazine/april04/cover/index. html [accessed 2010] SILVEY, Vivien. 2008. ‘Not your average love story: film techniques in Eternal sunshine of the spotless mind'. Screen education. [online] Available at: http://gateway. proquest. com/openurl? url_ver=Z39. 88-2004;res_dat=xri:iipa:;rft_dat=xri:iipa:article:fulltext:iipa00527918 [accessed 2010].

Tracon by Paul McElroy essays

Tracon by Paul McElroy essays Paul McElroy's novel "Tracon" is a gripping tale about the airline industry and in particular the air traffic controllers. McElroy has created a fast paced, page turning story that can cause even the most seasoned airline passenger to feel wary of ever flying again. McElroy gives the reader an intricate detailed account about the inner workings of the air traffic controllers and how stressful and difficult their work really is. The story portrays a behind-the-scenes of one of the nation's busiest airports, Chicago's O'Hare Airport, with such realistic description and dialogue that McElroy's novel reads more like McElroy begins his story with a mid-air collision of two passenger jetliners, a Coastal 757 and an Atlantic 727. From the first page, the author crabs the reader's attention. "the first officer saw the Coastal Airlines 757 burst out of the clouds from the left. He yanked on the control yoke and jammed one rudder pedal to the floor in a desperate attempt to steer above and behind the other plane. The 727 was starting to respond when the outboard edge of its port wing grazed the top of the 757's starboard wing. Then the Jurassic jet shook violently from a sickening crunch of metal as the wing slashed through the vertical stabilizer on Coastal's tail, ripping half of it away" (McElroy 9). In just four sentences McElroy sets the stage for the unthinkable tragedy about to unfold. He then goes on to describe the horror the passengers faced as they realized the plane was out of control and on a crash course. The author then jumps from the tragedies taking place on the planes to a yacht sailing below whose owner and afternoon date witness the debris falling from the sky. McElroy then flashes to O'Hare Airport. ...

Distilled Doesnt Mean Pure

Distilled Doesn't Mean Pure Heres a comment a reader posted in response to my article on removing fluoride from water:Ive been taught that distilled water is the purest that one can drink. On the original article you write that this is not a safe assumption. How so?Distillation does purify water, but it cant remove all contaminants. Actually, distilled water can be very impure. Consider how distillation works. First, youre basically boiling water and then letting it cool to collect it again. Ideally contaminants with different boiling points will be removed, if you are careful to collect the distilled liquid at exactly the right temperature and pressure. Its not as easy as it sounds. Plus, there are contaminants that wont separate from the water just from vaporization. Sometimes the distilling process actually adds contaminants that werent originally present, from the glassware or metal components.For distilled drinking water, keep in mind even if the distillation process is scrupulous, impurities come from the container into which the water is placed. Heavy metals are used to stabilize packaging plastics and can leach into the water over time. For that matter, plastic monomers coat a new container and become a part of bottled water.Hard Soft Water | Distilling Ethanol for Your Car

Case Studies in Busines Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Case Studies in Busines - Essay Example The Army has been forced to deal with several high-profile sexual harassment cases. Its former top enlisted man was court-martialed on sexual-misconduct charges, but a jury cleared him of all but an obstruction of justice count. A retired major general was convicted at court-martial of having affairs with the wives of his subordinate officers. (Scarborough, 2000) The case of sexual harassment is related to the top-ranking generals of the United States army – Lt. General Claudia Kennedy and Major General Larry Smith. The incident was occurred in October 1996. Initially, the incident was avoided even it was not confirmed that whether the inquiry was in progress or not. Later, it was confirmed that the Army inspector general (IG) was investigating Gen. Kennedys charge. Kennedy became famous and had been the focal point of the media in the year 2000 as a general who has accused another general. She lodged her complaint when she was the deputy chief of staff for intelligence that she was accused by the Major when she was a major general and assistant deputy chief for intelligence. During the case, Kenneth Bacon, spokesman for Defense Secretary William S. Cohen said that the Pentagon policy is "a zero tolerance for harassment. And thats been made clear by Secretary Cohen and by all military leaders. There are established channels for reporting allegations of harassment. And the IG is one of those channels." (Scarborough, 2000) Major General Smith gave his clarification by saying that he did not harass her and denied the charge. He told the investigation team that he only gave her a hug and perhaps a light kiss as they concluded an Oct. 11, 1996, meeting. The critiques also raised some concerns as why did she go to the army inspector general with her complaint about the Smith’s act, when he was announced to be the next deputy inspector general of the army, a

Summary and implications Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Summary and implications - Essay Example Expected sales for Eliquis for 2012 is projected to reach $395 million (Loftus , par 2). Because of the delay in the decision of the FDA, Bristol-Myers and Pfizer might experience a decline in their sales projections which might also affect its stock prices which have gone up in the past few days at the New York Stock Exchange. The FDA justified their move by stating that the additional data submitted needs more time to review (Loftus , par 6). The original date for the decision should have been March 28 (Loftus , par 11). Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH and Johnson & Johnson, other manufacturers of new anticlotting drugs, may consider this a favorable development because it gives them time to establish their products in the market while the competition is not yet there. This means that the company may have to adjust their sales projections because it will mean a decline in their projected sales. If the launch of the product will be delayed by three months, it means that whatever projected sales for those three months will not be realized. The delay in the decision on Eliquis is good news for Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH and Johnson & Johnson. They can launch a more aggressive marketing strategy for their anticlotting drugs so that when the time comes that the FDA approves Eliquis, they have already saturated the market and may have gained loyal customers already. For the pharmaceutical industry, this should be perceived as a caveat in submitting drugs for approval of the FDA. They should make sure that all data that they submit are complete so that there will be no need for amendments later on. It will also serve as a warning to other pharmaceutical companies who intend to manufacture new anticlotting drugs that the FDA is very much concerned about bleeding risks for all patient types. In one’s opinion, the move of the FDA to delay the decision on Eliquis is good because it shows that it is concerned about the effects of the drug